================================================================================================================================================

.      1)  Anyang: 
A) is one of the most extensively investigated archaeological sites in China.
B) was the last capital of the Zhou dynasty.
C) was mentioned in Shang texts, though it was referred to by a different name. D) was the center of a small empire about 30 miles in diameter.

.      2)  Which of the following innovations was developed first? 
A) Longshan ceramics.
B) farming with domesticated animals. C) the crossbow.
D) Yangshao penal code.

.      3)  What did the first cities in the Americas have in common with the first cities of Asia? 
A) use of pack animals B) use of the wheel
C) use of draft animals D) use of metal tools

.      4)  TheTeotihuacaccent(a)n civilization: 
A) flourished on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico.
B) was destroyed by the Spanish conquistadors.
C) built the Pyramid of the Sun.
D) never expanded more than a few miles beyond the borders of the city.

.      5)  Tikal: 
A) is located near present-day Mexico City.
B) extended its influence well beyond the city boundaries. C) was notable for its lack of pyramids.
D) flourished until it was destroyed by the Spanish.

.      6)  Early urbanization in South America: 
A) was not significant until about 500 C.E.
B) followed a much different path than that typical in Mesoamerica. C) centered on religious shrines.
D) was spurred by the high volume of trade with Mesoamerica.

.      7)  ThePopolVuh contains the creation myth of the: 
A) the Inca civilization.
B) the Aztec civilization.
C) Roman Catholic conquistadores from Spain. D) the Mayan civilization.

69

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 2 Examination

.      8)  The South American civilization known for its enormous “geoglyphs,” best seen in an aerial view is: 
A) the Huari.
B) the Tiwanaka. C) the Inca.
D) the Nazca.

.      9)  The Bantu: 
A) migrated thousands of miles to southern Africa. B) were well-known for their copper-shaping skills. C) only settled regions far south of the Niger River. D) never did practice agriculture.

.      10)  In the Niger River valley, the primary urban settlement that has been excavated suggests: 
A) cities cannot develop without the pre-existence of hierarchical social organization. B) written language is fundamental for the organization of an urban center.

C) the development of cities is contingent upon the development of a centralized political

authority.
D) that cities may develop without the need for hierarchy, centralization, government

structure, or written language.

.      11)  The impact of the Bantu culture can be seen in which of the following regions: 
A) Madagascar
B) Egypt
C) the Saharan Desert D) the Kalahari Desert

.      12)  TheAkkadian empire: 
A) connected Mesopotamia to the eastern Mediterranean coast. B) reached its greatest height under Hammurabi.
C) lasted for nearly six centuries.
D) was led by Elamites.

.      13)  The Assyrians: 
A) asserted their empire on three separate occasions.
B) never managed to extend their empire to the Mediterranean. C) failed in their bid to conquer Egypt.
D) were descendants of the Hittites.

70

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 2 Examination

.      14)  During the reign of Cyrus II, the Royal Road of the Persian Empire connected which of the following cities? 
A) Sardis and Susa
B) Byzantium and Persepolis C) Memphis and Babylon
D) Athens and Kandahar

.      15)  The Greek city-state: 
A) was kept small by wars with the Persian empire.
B) had political powers analogous to that of a state within the United States. C) typically had populations exceeding 100,000.
D) usually centered on a single city.

.      16)  The archaeological discoveries of Heinrich Schliemann in the 1870s revealed evidence to support what had previously been considered myths concerning which two kingdoms? 
A) Troy and Mycenae B) Troy and Macedonia C) Troy and Minos
D) Troy and Sparta

.      17)  Phillip II of Macedon: 
A) conquered the Persian empire.
B) was a skilled warrior, but a poor diplomat.
C) was tutored by Socrates.
D) wanted to bring peace to the Greek city-states.

.      18)  Which of the following empires began as city-states? 
A) Macedonian and Greek
B) Mesopotamian and Egyptian C) Mesopotamian and Greek
D) Egyptian and Persian

.      19)  Alexander the Great extended his empire as far east as which of the following? 
A) the Aral Sea
B) Egypt
C) Arabia
D) the Indus River

71

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 2 Examination

.      20)  The Struggle of the Orders was: 
A) primarily a religious conflict.
B) settled when the patricians suppressed the plebeians by force. C) ameliorated substantially by the expansion of imperial Rome. D) a conflict between plebeians and patricians.

.      21)  Rome’s armies: 
A) spent little time developing new technology.
B) required few male citizens to actually serve in it.
C) were often made up in part by men from conquered regions. D) were paid for primarily by taxes on Roman citizens.

.      22)  Stoicism held all of the following principles, except: 
A) a person should accept all events dispassionately.
B) a person should accept the world as it is.
C) a person should treat other people decently, even if they are from a lower social class. D) the world is an irrational place.

.      23)  Under the leadership of Emperor Constantine: 
A) the Roman Empire was purged of its eastern characteristics. B) the Justinian legal code was spread throughout the empire. C) Constantinople served as the sister-capital of Rome.
D) the Hagia Sophia was constructed in 532 C.E.

.      24)  A significant reason that the Byzantine Empire survived for 1000 years after Rome had fallen was: 
A) the more extensive geographic scope of the eastern empire. B) the lack of large urban centers.
C) its legal separation of the socioeconomic classes.
D) its much more efficient administration of government.

.      25)  Which of the following groups migrated to Carthage, then across the Mediterranean Sea to Rome? 
A) Huns
B) Angles, Saxons, Jutes C) Visigoths
D) Vandals, Alans, Sueves

================================================================================================================================================

.      1)  Confucius: 
A) had little lasting impact on the conduct of government in China. B) felt that some people were born evil and could not be changed. C) lived during the period of the Warring States.
D) was made a high ranking advisor to a Chinese leader.

.      2)  Of the following, which was NOT one of the five texts canonized by Confucius? 
A) The Good Life
B) Book of Songs
C) Rites and Rituals D) Book of Changes

.      3)  Which ideology had the most influence on the Qin dynasty? 
A) legalism
B) Confucianism C) Daoism
D) paganism

.      4)  Daoism: 
A) stresses a closeness to the natural world.
B) was developed primarily to guide statesmen.
C) is quite similar to Confucianism.
D) presents a detailed set of formal rules to guide society.

.      5)  The Mandate of Heaven: 
A) could allow a dynasty to rule forever.
B) blessed moral rulers.
C) showed it was pleased by creating natural disasters. D) was a personal god worshipped by emperors.

.      6)  Chinese silk reached Rome via the first silk route in: 
A) 138 B.C.E. B) 11 C.E.
C) 40 C.E.
D) 57 B.C.E.

.      7)  SimaQian: 
A) was always treated with respect by the ruler of China. B) wrote a nearly complete history of China.
C) stuck to the study of people and events.
D) began the tradition of writing down Chinese history.

106

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

nit 3 Examination

.      8)  The Sui dynasty: 
A) initially had the loyalty of peasant farmers.
B) came between the Qin and Han dynasties.
C) was founded by a Confucius scholar.
D) decentralized authority, giving more independent power to local levels of government.

.      9)  The Grand Canal, completed during the Sui dynasty linked which of the following? 
A) the Yangzi and the Yellow River systems B) the Yangzi and the Ganges
C) the Yangzi and the Huang He
D) the Yangzi and the Mekong

.      10)  Japan: 
A) was conquered twice by China.
B) accepted the cultural hegemony of China.
C) modeled its art on that of the southeast Asian islands.
D) was careful to keep its borders closed to immigrants during its early years.

.      11)  In which of the following are the dynasties arranged in proper chronological order? 
A) Qin, Han, Sui, Tang
B) Shang, Zhou, Han, Qin C) Shang, Sui, Tang, Han D) Qin, Han, Tang, Sui

.      12)  Of the following, who came closest to unifying the entire Indian subcontinent? 
A) Kanishka.
B) Alexander the Great. C) Chandragupta Maurya. D) Asoka.

.      13)  Which of the following statements about the Ramayana is incorrect? 
A) It refers to an earlier time than that depicted in the Mahabharata.
B) It leads some men to applaud Sita’s actions toward her husband.
C) It leads some women to be critical of Rama’s actions toward his wife Sita. D) It is interpreted differently in different parts of the Hindu world.

.      14)  The Aryan peoples in India: 
A) spoke a Semitic language.
B) were expelled from the region by the Maurya dynasty. C) formed political groupings called janapadas.
D) first arrived in the Indus valley in 1000 B.C.E.

107

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 3 Examination

.      15)  Which of the following was written first? 
A) the Bhagavad-Gita
B) Sangam poetry
C) the Mahabharata and Ramayana D) the Puranas

.      16)  TheArtha-sastra: 
A) used the analogy that big fish eat littler fish.
B) has been known to historians since the early 1500s. C) was written by a minister serving the Gupta Empire. D) held that “the enemy of my friend is my enemy”.

.      17)  The Gupta Empire asserted the most control over: 
A) local government.
B) regional government.
C) conquered territories.
D) the heartland of the empire.

.      18)  AngkorWat: 
A) is dedicated to Vishnu, one of the major Hindu gods. B) was built around 200 C.E.
C) was once the center of the Maurya dynasty.
D) is situated in the southern tip of India.

.      19)  Findings at Roman trade sites dating to about 0 C.E. suggests that of the following groups, this group was least involved in ocean trade between the Roman Empire and India: 
A) Arabs B) Jews
C) Indians D) Romans

.      20)  ThePuranas focus least on this: 
A) the deep philosophical concepts of Hinduism B) stories of gods
C) folk tales
D) stories of goddesses

.      21)  The Hindu culture developed before which of the following religious cultures? 
A) Jewish
B) Islamic C) Sumerian D) Hittite

108

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 3 Examination

.      22)  The dance of this god symbolizes the cycle of creation and destruction: 
A) Shiva B) Krishna C) Vishnu D) Brahma

.      23)  In the Bhagavadgita: 
A) Krishna tells Arjuna that Arjuna is not truly a warrior.
B) Arjuna learns that pacifism is the proper way of the Hindu.
C) Arjuna learns that he should follow his dharma, whether he wants to or not. D) Krishna is the commander of Arjuna.

.      24)  For the Buddha, the source of unhappiness in the world was: 
A) desire.
B) the inaccurate teachings of the Hindu brahmins.
C) the inability of many souls to get incarnated into healthy bodies. D) the wish to reach enlightenment.

.      25)  Shingon Buddhism: 
A) believes in the recitation of mantras.
B) prohibits music.
C) holds that the most important phrase is “Praise to Amida Buddha”. D) prohibits dancing.

================================================================================================================================================

.      1)  Judaism:

.                              A)  has had a role in history that is disproportionate to the number of its followers.

.                              B)  is basically a polytheistic religion.

.                              C)  began when Adam made a pact with God that Adam’s descendants would always 
worship God.

.                              D)  once contained nearly one-fifth of the world population.

.      2)  The Torah: 
A) was written just before the birth of Christ.
B) is notable for its absence of miracles.
C) begins with the exodus of the Jews from Egypt. D) has changed little since it was written.

.      3)  Which of the following was NOT a principal belief that came from the early scriptures of Judaism? 
A) several dispersed homelands for Jews B) God demands obedience
C) a legal code to shape behavior
D) Jews as a community blessed by God

.      4)  Jesus Christ: 
A) was considered a threat by the Roman government. B) aimed his message at the middle class.
C) sought support from Jewish religious authorities. D) was crucified when he was about 50 years old.

.      5)  Paul: 
A) opposed slavery in both principle and practice.
B) was Jesus’ most devoted disciple in the years prior to Jesus’ death. C) felt that married clergy were closer to God than single clergy.
D) sought to subordinate women in the church.

.      6)  Emperor Constantine: 
A) failed in his effort to convert his mother to Christianity.
B) gave equal treatment to all religions practiced within his empire.
C) had a vision that helped convert him to Christianity.
D) never managed to gain control of the western portions of the Roman empire.

153

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 4 Examination

.      7)  Emperor Theodosius: 
A) gave special privileges to Jews.
B) was overthrown by Constantine.
C) practiced religious tolerance.
D) made Christianity the official religion of the Roman Empire.

.      8)  Monasteries: 
A) tended to be complex political organizations.
B) usually contained members who were celibate.
C) were, after the Council of Nicea, exclusively for men. D) were often located in urban areas.

.      9)  From 600 C.E. to 1100 C.E., the most fundamental institution in Europe for maintaining order and character was: 
A) the church.
B) the guilds.
C) the aristocracy. D) the monarchy.

.      10)  Mu’awiya: 
A) was amateurish in his administration of the empire. B) was appointed to his post by Muhammad.
C) moved the capital from Arabia to Baghdad.
D) was the first caliph of the Umayyad dynasty.

.      11)  The Abbasid caliphate: 
A) were overthrown by the Umayyads.
B) sought to convert non-Muslims to Islam.
C) relocated the capital to Damascus in Syria.
D) instituted Persian as the official language of the empire.

.      12)  Which of the following regions had NOT yet been conquered by Islam in 650 C.E.? 
A) Oman B) Spain C) Egypt D) Libya

.      13)  Many of the major agricultural exchanges that helped the Islamic world came from: 
A) coastal eastern Africa. B) India.
C) sub-Saharan Africa. D) the Fertile Crescent.

154

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 4 Examination

.      14)  Abu Hamid Muhammad al-Ghazzali: 
A) had completed his most important work by the time he was in his early twenties. B) saw intellect as one stage of human development.
C) refused to be involved with formal educational institutions.
D) felt that rationality was the way to God.

.      15)  Muslim rule in Spain: 
A) was characterized by suppression of Christianity and Judaism.
B) extended for nearly 100 years after the rule of Ferdinand and Isabella. C) revitalized trade in the western Mediterranean.
D) was tightly controlled by the Abbasid caliph.

.      16)  Which of the following were networks of interconnected commercial communities through- out Africa, Europe and Asia? 
A) market centers
B) trade diasporas
C) trade associations
D) commercial complexes

.      17)  Of the following regions, which had the least extensive network of trade routes in 1450? 
A) Europe
B) the Middle East C) southern Asia D) North America

.      18)  After the ninth century, Arabs provided the main trading link between East Africa and:

                                A)  the Americas.

                                B)  West Africa.

                                C)  the Europe.

                                D)  the Indian Ocean.

.      19)  Prior to 1200, the Mongols: 
A) were primarily farmers.
B) were divided into several warring tribes.
C) were never united prior to the time of Genghis Khan. D) prohibited the silk trade.

155

GED 130 Introduction to Civilization

Unit 4 Examination

.      20)  Chinggis and his successors were NOT able to conquer: 
A) China.
B) Russia. C) Japan.
D) Baghdad.

.      21)  Permanent contact between Europe and the Americas did NOT occur until: 
A) 870 C.E. B) 1533 C.E. C) 1000 C.E. D) 1492 C.E.

.      22)  Which of the following occurred first? 
A) Great Chinese naval expeditions to Africa and India B) Normans invaded England
C) Magellen’s circumnavigation of the globe
D) Bubonic Plague in Europe

.      23)  Which of the following was NOT the emphasis of most early universities? 
A) theology
B) legal studies C) military history D) medicine

.      24)  During the Renaissance, European artists began to utilize which of the following in their paintings? 
A) perspective
B) Arabic themes C) Asian themes D) acrylic paint

.      25)  As expressed in Aquinas’ Summa Theologica, the Church began to modify its traditional opposition towards: 
A) business and businessmen. B) Muslims.
C) women.
D) Jews.